| Subject: Re: Salts |
Author:
Mr Page
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Date Posted: 15:03:16 02/27/03 Thu
In reply to:
Cliff
's message, "Salts" on 15:39:06 02/26/03 Wed
>Hi. Im having a bit of trouble (to put it mildly) with
Acids
ALL begin w/ H
HCl, HBr, HI, HF, H2S, HCN
H2SO4, H3PO4, H2SO3, HClO3, HClO2n HNO3, HNO2
there are others. Note, all begin w/ H. The H that leaves as a hydrogen ion when the acid is in water
HC2H3O2 acetic acid only one H leaves so you get H(+) and C2H3O2(1-) ions. More on ions later. When you ask for it. ONLY then.
BASES
ALL end in OH
ALL begin with a metal ion (or ammonium, NH4(1+)
NaOH, KOH, NH4OH, Ca(OH)2, Fe(OH)2
There are others, but NaOH, KOH, and NH4OH are the most important now.
SALTS
Begin with nonmetal ion
then nonmetal ion (Cl(-), S(2-), or polyatomic ion SO4(2-), e.g.
Na2SO4, KCl, KClO3, Mg3(PO4)2.
Note: all begin w/ metal ion (cation) then anion (single elemant ion or polyatomic ion.
Salt can also begin with NH4(1+)
NH4Cl, (NH4)2SO4.
In all cases... (you GOTTA LOVE the ALL and ALL CASES. I don't say that often).... the cation or the salt came from a base and the anion came from the acid.
KOH + HCl ---> KCl + H2O
Base + acid yields salt + water.
Note water begins w/ H but we don't (usually) call it an acid.
OXIDES
Metal oxides or nonmetal oxides
Na2O, K2O, CaO, Al2O3... metal oxides
P2O5, SO2, SO3... nonmetal oxides
Nonmetal/Nonmetal compounds (molecular compounds)
PCl3, SF6, NH3.
OK... now if the elements you are given include H, you can make acids (begin w/ H) and you can make bases (end in OH).
With a metal you can make salts (KCl, KBr), Oxides (K2O), bases (KOH)
With nonmetals (Cl, P) you can make salts (KCl, K3P), KClO3, KClO2, KClO, K3PO4 that enough?)
Also with metals you can make molecular compounds. (PCl3, PCl5) Note P goes first because P is further to the left on the P Table than Cl.
Ask about Acid salts at a later time. (KHSO4, NaHCO3, KH2PO4 and K2HPO4). You'll love those.
How's that? Enough?
ttfn,
JP
>salts. I don't know how to indentify them or how to
>form them. I know that they are a combination of an
>acid and a base, but that doesn't really mean much to
>me. Specifically, Im having trouble with the sheet
>that lists a few elements are tells us to list as many
>acids, bases, salts and compounds as we can make using
>only those elements. Im having trouble with the whole
>sheet, but the salts part is the one Im most clueless
>in. I'd appreciate any help you can give me. Thanks.
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