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Date Posted: 14:45:34 05/02/07 Wed
Author: Fernanda Gabriela
Subject: Task 2


Two different approaches to teach grammar:deductive and inductive


When learning a foreign language, grammar should be taught, because it is necessary to know how to build sentences and its structure, once it makes the communication among people possible. Thus, to learn grammar it is necessary to practice it, and it can be done through activities. To facilitate the way to teach grammar points, the activities were divided into two different approaches: deductive and inductive.

Deductive approach, according to Jacqueline Gollin, is the one that the teacher gives an explicit statement of the rule, which the students then apply to examples. Therefore, the learners are given directly the rules and the activities are just to practice what they have learned and to make it clear. It is easier to understand and better when more complicated points, such as “present perfect”, are taught. However, there is a passive participation of the students.

Inductive approach, on the other hand, is when the teacher encourages the students to learning the rule implicitly, through contextualized examples so that the students can learn it consciously. Furthermore, Jacqueline Gollin states that: “the students are actively engaged mentally, which is not only motivating but is believed to lead to more thorough learning.” It is creative, motivating and the students are engaged mentally. However, it is more difficult and it requires more time to the students to learn.

To sum up, there are two different approaches: deductive and inductive. The first one is when the teacher directly presents the rule to the students; the second one, on the other hand, is when the teacher encourages the students to work out the rule for themselves by giving natural examples. Both deductive and inductive approaches have good and bad features; therefore, to have effective results, the teacher should shift from one to another, in order to take advantage of the good points.



Reference:

Constance Shaffer, A Comparison of Inductive and Deductive Approaches to Teaching Foreign Languages The Modern Language Journal, Vol. 73, No. 4 (Winter, 1989)
GOLLIN, Jacqueline. ELT Journal Volume 52/1 January 1998 © Oxford University Press 19

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