Genetic Adjuvants Augment Magnitude of Response to HIV DNA Vaccines -- HIV/AIDS INFO AND UPDATES

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Date Posted: 22:06:06 02/28/02 Thu
Author: Anonymous
Subject: Genetic Adjuvants Augment Magnitude of Response to HIV DNA Vaccines

Genetic Adjuvants Augment Magnitude of Response to HIV DNA Vaccines

NEW YORK (Reuters Health) Feb 18 - The magnitude but not the character of the immune response to HIV DNA vaccines can be altered using genetic adjuvants, according to a report published in the January issue of the Journal of Virology.

Dr. Gary J. Nabel, and colleagues at the Vaccine Research Center at the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases in Bethesda, Maryland, studied the effects of antigen and genetic adjuvants on the immune responses to HIV DNA vaccines in mice.

After injection with a vaccine containing the HIV Env antigen, the mice demonstrated a potent cell-mediated response but a relatively weak humoral response. In contrast, injection with a Nef-containing vaccine produced the opposite effect, the investigators note.

The investigators reassessed the effects of both vaccines when co-administered with various cytokine and growth factor genetic adjuvants. While the immune responses were generally enhanced, the addition of these adjuvants did not alter the predominant type of response, humoral or cell-mediated, that occurred.

In terms of a single adjuvant, interleukin-12 was the strongest enhancer of the immune response to Nef, while granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor was the strongest Env response enhancer. The most potent response to Nef occurred when a combination of adjuvants was used that stimulated innate and adaptive immune responses.

"These findings suggest that intrinsic properties of the antigen determine the character of immune reactivity for this method of immunization and that specific combination of innate and adaptive immune cytokine genes can increase the magnitude of the response to DNA vaccines," Dr. Nabel's team concludes.

J Virol 2002;76:243-250.

Reuters Health Information 2002. � 2002 Reuters Ltd
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