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Date Posted: 17:43:59 03/09/03 Sun
Author: cassie
Subject: Ch.30 Medical Breakthroughs

Medical Breakthroughs
-important development of antibacterial drugs that could fight infections
*Antibiotics
-origins from Louis Pasture & Jules-Francois Joubert
-Joseph Lister revealed the value of antiseptic solutions to prevent infection during surgery
-1930's scientist in Germany, France & England showed power of sulfa drugs
-sulfa could treat streptococcal blood infections
-1928 Alexander Fleming accidentally discovered penicillin
-penicillin useless until group of research @ Oxford Univ. found a way to use it against bacterial diseases
*Penicillin
-England could not mass-produce it b/c of WWII
-American labs got a hold of it & made it widely available by 1948
*Immunizations
-development of vaccines that could protect humans from bacterial & viral diseases
-vaccine developments: for small pox & typhoid
-Typhoid vaccination was used a lot in WWII
-just before WWII tetanus vaccination came out
-BCG vaccination fought TB
-also vaccinations against yellow fever & influenza
*Salk Vaccine
-was vaccine against polio
-created by Jonas Salk
-in 1955 it was free by the Federal Gov.
-then Albert Sabin had an oral vaccine
-these vaccines had virtually eliminated polio
-b/c of these advances life expectancy rose 5yrs to 71 yrs

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