all Ch34 sections -- The Girls' Third Period AP US History Notes

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Date Posted: 20:37:01 04/13/03 Sun
Author: j
Subject: all Ch34 sections

I. The Election of 1996
A.Clinton vs. Dole
i. Clinton benefited more from the republican errors than from his own campaign
ii. his greatest success came from the marked reduction in the economic deficit
B. just before the election, congress passed several important bills
i. laws that required insurance companies to allow workers to keep their insurance policies when they left their jobs and laws that forbad companies from denying coverage from people with pre-existing conditions
ii. the welfare reform bill
a.ended federal assistance to families w/ dependent children
b.turned most welfare allocating funds to the states
c.shifted the bulk of welfare benefits away from those w/out jobs and toward support for low-wage workers
B.Clinton victorious

I. From �Stagflation� to Growth
A. New business practices
i. in response to the economic crisis in the 70�s, business began making smarter financial choices
a.investing in new technology, considering mergers w/ other companies, creating more energy efficient offices
ii. cutting labor costs
a.took much harder line against unions
b.some companies moved their operations to areas of the country w/ lower wage workers
c.others moved entirely out of the US to china or Mexico
B. Technology Industries
i. grew so large it spawned its own stock exchange, the NASDAQ
C. in the last decades of the 20th century, the American economy experienced great growth
i. inflation was low, the GNP grew 4-fold, stock prices soared, rise in income and productivity
ii. this economic upturn lasted from 1983 to spring of 2000

I. The Personal Computer
A. the development of the PC
i. Microprocessor � miniaturized the central processing unit of a computer
ii. 1977 � apple introduces first PC available to public
a.Microsoft (apple) created MS-DOS
- MS-DOS � a program that allowed the PC to operate so everyone could use it
iii. finally, Microsoft developed windows, making PC usage extremely easy
a.PC�s were soon everywhere
B. Microsoft
i. had a virtual monopoly on computer business
a.created new kinds of software like word processing, spreadsheets, databases, etc.)
b.produces software for the internet
ii. 1997 � the justice department filed a series of anti-trust suits against the corporation
a.in 2000 produced a strong ruling against the corporation that was at least later overturned by and appeals court
b.through it all, Microsoft remained the top pc company

I. The Black Middle Class
A. Economic Progress for African Americans
i. disparity between black and white professions did not vanish but it diminished substantially
a.blacks began to move into suburban neighborhoods
b.the # of blacks going to college rose 350%
c.nearly half of all white-collar jobs in America were held by blacks

I. The �Culture Wars�
A. Battle over multiculturalism
i. many people felt American culture had been too long represented by white males of European descent
a. people on the left complained of the ascendancy of conservative politics placed new and intolerable limits on freedom of expression
b. on the right, people complained equally vigorously of a tyranny of �political correctness�
B. Political Correctness
i. put a strain on traditional patterns of culture and the way people talk about them
a. Multiculturalism and political correctness was an expression of confidence in society�s ability to tolerate and understand it�s many differences

I. The Rise of Terrorism
A. Terrorism
i. came from revolutionaries in French revolution
ii. occurs everywhere
B. America�s Terrorism
i. abroad
a. 1983 � attack on marines in Beirut
b. 1998 � embassy bombings
c. 2000 � bombing of the USS Cole
ii. at home
a. 1993 � WTC bombing
b. 1995 � Oklahoma City Bombing
c. 2001 � WTC destruction
C. War against Terrorism
i. US began fight against terrorist networks like Al-Qaeda
a. the US bombed headquarters in Afghanistan and caused the network to collapse but never found the leader � Osama Bin Laden
ii. Prez. Bush�s state of the union address
a. �axis of evil�
- nations like Iraq, Iran, and North Korea
- all w/ anti-American regimes
- all thought to possess nuclear capabilities
b. many believed this address was a precursor to toppling Saddam Hussein�s regime in Iraq

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