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Date Posted: 18:35:30 05/27/07 Sun
Author: Marcelo Antonio Fiuza Coelho (task three)
Subject: task three Marcelo


How to do a Monograph




Monograph is as description, trough a text with format definity-daily pay, of the results obtained in one deepened study of a subject in some area, scientific or not. The objectives of one monograph are to explain a determined subject and to propose the forms of organizing and analyzing it. This study normally is organized in one of these forms:
- A bibliographical revision of a determined subject;
- A bibliographical revision complemented by a case study of the applicability of a technique or studied approach:
- A bibliographical revision associated to the investigation of the forms of solution of one determined problem.
It is not necessary that a monograph presented unpublished results (as waited in a doctorate’s theory, or in less degree, in a dissertation of master’s degree). The results are more associated to the organization and comparative analyses of the ideas around a determined subject. In this way, a bibliographical revision of the more important works in a determined area is essential part of the contents that compose it.
A monograph must be written in a clear and objective language. A scientific text must be: objective, impartial, clearly, coherently and impersonal. The verbs must to be used in the third person of singular, must be avoided to use the third person of plural and never first person. The text must have a logical sequence, presenting with precision the ideas, inquires, data and the results of the studies without be extending by questions with less importance.
The body of a monograph is normally divided in sections. These sections are the Introduction, Revision of state the Art, Analysis, Vlidation and Conclusions
The introduction presents a general idea of the subject of the work. It is not only description of the sections’ contents of the text. It is must summarize the subject of the work and argue. After the introduction the Revision of the State of the Art, presents the main ideas of the principal authors of the area. The ideas are presents only, they will not be discussed or criticized, which will be done in next sections, in introduction the ideas of the author himself are not included. An important point of revision is the way, which it is organized. this way is one of the biggest contributions of the monograph. It is desirable that the previous works described according to the same vision proposed by the author of the monograph instead of the author of the revised works. The organization of revision allows comparisons and analyses, leading to a better understanding of the subject. In this section all the revision works must be associated to the fountain of reference in the text and this reference must be included in the bibliographical references in the end of the monograph.
Following the revision of the state of art, the analyses section starts. Here are presented the approaches and techniques discussed before. The criteria of analyses are important to point the main advantages or disadvantages of the analyses techniques, its potential use, etc…in this section is important the organization of the in formations in charts or figures which were quoted and analyzed along the text. Before the conclusion, the Validation section describes the excellent results of the use of technique or approach. This section must be full in objective data to demonstrate what affirms in text.
Basically, the Conclusions describe three basic topics: the conclusions, the summary thing of contribution’s text and future studies. Conclusions are not a summary of the work, but the conclusions obtained in the study, presented in the objective and concise form. The contribution can describe the criteria of analyses and organization used if these criteria helped the understanding and organization of the content. The future studies describing studies that were considered interesting after that one initial inquiry, but what, for limitation of time or interest, they were not carried out in this same work.

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