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Date Posted: 11:32:41 04/14/02 Sun
Author: maggie
Subject: chapter 33-36

so i'm missing a few terms...but otherwise it's all here. lynette's gonna try to put up 29-32 soon. email if you can help by putting up another list or something. sorry its not numbered.



Zimmermann Note- secret message describing plans for an alliance between Germany and Mexico. Was published March 1, 1917. caused anti-German sentiments to increase.

Wilson’s 14 Points- 14 Points Address, January 8, 1918 to congress. Was for League of Nations, lessening of interference in trade, proposed to abolish secret treaties. Were not appealing to everyone- many foreign nations resented.

Wilson’s goals- to shape and international order in which democracy would flourish. Was very idealistic.

George Creel- manipulated minds. Was a journalist in charge of war propaganda—had to sell America on the war and the world on Wilsonian war aims.

Espionage and sedition acts- 1917 and 1918. reflected current fears and the sentiments of anti-war Americans. Were anti-socialist and radicalists. Prosecuted thousands.

Schenck v. U.S.-

Committee on Public Affairs-

War industries Board- March 1918 Bernard Baruch appointed head chairman. Only had feeble formal powers. Was disbanded shortly after the armistice.

Railway Administration- government controlled railways during WWI.

Fuel Administration- government controlled for use of tanks and other army machinery in WWI.

Food Administration- lead by Herbert Hoover. Relied on voluntary compliance instead of enforcing restrictions. Had “wheatless Wednesdays” and “meatless Tuesdays”

Victory Gardens- designed to boost public morale. People grew their own fruits and vegetables instead of buying the mass produce so farmer’s food could go to the troops.

I.W.W.

Lloyd George- British prime minister. Was part of the “Big 4” of the armistice.

Vittorio Orlando- premier of Italy. Part of the big four.

Georges Clemenceau- French prime minister. Was the most cynical one of the big four.

Henry Cabot Lodge- a senator, very anti-Wilson. [they were rivals.] fought against the armistice because he was anti-League of nations.

League of nations- Wilson’s pet project. Was not ratified with the U.S. and couldn’t stand without them. Was designed to prevent further WWI’s from happening and promote international unity.

A. Mitchell Palmer- attorney general. “saw red” too easily. Was called “The Fighting Quaker” but was somewhat mollified when foes bombed him home in June 1919 to quiet his efforts.

Sacco and Vanzetti- two Italians, atheists, anarchist and draft dodgers. Accused of murder. Case dragged on for six years until 1927 when they were electrocuted.

KKK 1920’s- mushroomed in the 1920’s. had 5 millions members enrolled. Were anti-foreign, anti-catholic, antiblack anti-Jewish, antipacifist, anticommunist, anti-internationalist, anti-evolutionist, anti-bootlegger, antigambling and anti birth control.

Emergency Quota Act- 1921. newcomers from Europe were restricted to a definite total- 3% of the persons of their nationality living in the u.s. in 1910.

Immigration Act of 1924- Quota was cut from 3 to 2% and the yearbase shifted from the census of 1910 to that of 1890, when comparatively no southern Europeans had arrived.

Volstead Act- passed by congress implemented the eighteenth amendment- enforced prohibition.

Scopes trial- science v. religion. William Jennings Bryan won but he died 3 days later. It was an empty win. Even in 1915 Tennessee was seeing that science was not bad.

John Dewey- professor of Columbia from 1904-1930. set forth the principles of “learning by doing.”

Henry Ford- of ford motors. Was one of the leading vehicle construction agencies of the time. He reinvented the whole business.

Bruce Barton- prominent New York partner in a Madison Avenue firm. Published “The Man No One Knows.” In 1925, said Jesus was the greatest adman of all time.

Frederick Taylor- “Father of scientific management.” Was an inventor, engineer and tennis player

$5 a day-

Model T- ford’s most popular model. Was a hit, came only in black and was used by millions.

Wright Brothers- flew the first plane. was only a couple of hundred feet.

Charles Lindbergh- flew the spirit of St. Louis. Was very famous. His baby was kidnapped and killed as a result. Was a huge tragedy and made kidnapping a major crime.

KDKA- the Pittsburg Radio Station that broadcast the news of President Harding’s election. Was the first to do so.

The Great Train Robbery- first movie ever, 1903, featured in the 5 cent theaters.

The Birth of a Nation- 1915. glorified the KKK. Was one of the better full-length movies of the times.

Margaret Sanger- led and organized a birth-control movement, openly championed the use of contraceptives.

Andrew Mellon- Secretary of the Treasury. Engineered a series of tax reductions from 1921-1926 to help the “poor” rich people. Reduced the national debt by $10 million.

Post WWI economy- boom and bust. Had a great rising economy and many ignored the signs of a downswing. Depression hit in 1929.

Washington Conference- “Disarmament” Conference. 1921-1922. all major naval powers were invited except the USSR. Agenda was naval disarmament and the situation in the far-East. U.S. Britain and Japan settled on a 5-5-3 ratio of naval forces.

4 Power Treaty- replaced the Anglo-Japanese alliance. Bound Britain, France, Japan and the U.S. to preserve the status quo in the pacific

5 power treaty- naval treaty in 1922 embodied the 5-5-3 ration and offered compensation to Japan for their smaller part.

9 power treaty- 1922. agreed to “nail open the Open Door in China.”

Kellogg-Briand- “Pact of Paris” 1928. ratified with the French foreign minister and eventually by 2 nations, it permitted only defensive warfare to prevent anything like WWI from happening again.

Fordney-McCumber Tariff Law- 1922. boosted Wilson’s Underwood Tariff of 1909 to 38.5% duties on farm produce were increased, principle was proclaimed that the general rates were designed to equalize the cost of American and foreign production.

Charles R. Forbes- 1923. caught stealing $$ and resigned as head of the Veteran’s Bureau. Looted about $200 million with his associates.

Teapot Dome- 1921 Albert B. Fall got secretary of navy Denby to transfer Teapot Dome Wyoming to the interior department, then sold it for lots of money to Doheny and Sinclair. Events boiled over in 1923 and the case went on until 1929.

Capper-Volstead Act- 1921 exempted farmers’ marketing cooperatives from antitrust prosecution.

McNary-Haugen Bill- pushed by Farm Bloc, 1924-1928, sought to keep agricultural prices high- government must buy up surpluses and sell them abroad. Losses made up by special taxes on farmers.

Dawes Plan- 1924. rescheduled German reparations payments and opened the way for further private loans to Germany, u.s. wall street bankers gave money to Germany, Germany to Britain and France, Britain and France to war payment debts

Al Smith- democrat nominated against Hoover. From New York. Was loud, catholic, a drinker, had a New York accent, was greatly prejudiced against.

Agricultural Marketing Act- passed in 1929, was designed to help the farmers help themselves. Set up federal farm board, lent money to organizations seeking to buy, sell and store agricultural surpluses.

Grain Stabilization Corp and Cotton Stabilization Act - 1930. created by the farm board to bolster sagging prices by buying up surpluses. Were both suffocated by an avalanche of farm produce.

On margin-

Stock market crash- October 29, 1929. 16,410,030 shares of stocks were sold in a save-who-may scramble. Caused a downward spiral in the economy that had a worldwide effect.

Stimson Doctrine- 1932, proclaimed the U.S. would not recognize any territorial acquisitions achieved by force.

Major causes of the depression- over inflation, overproduction, market filled to capacity, nowhere for things to go.

Reconstruction Finance Corp.- 1932, had a working capital of half a billion dollars, was designed to provide indirect relief by assisting insurance companies, banks, agricultural organizations, railroads, even hard-pressed state and local governments

Norris-LaGuardia Act- in 1932. signed by Hoover, outlawed antiunion contracts and forbade the federal courts to issue injunctions to restrain strikes, boycotts and peaceful picketing.

Bonus Army- demanded immediate payment of their entire bonus. Marched on Washington for it. set up “Hoovervilles.”

Election of 1932- Roosevelt in, Hoover out. A result of the depression- people no longer liked Hoover.

Three R’s- Roosevelt’s plan- relief, recovery, reform.

Glass-Steagall Act- enacted b the Hundred Days period. Provided for the federal deposit insurance corporation, insured individual deposites up to $5,000. ended the epidemic of bank failures.

Wagner Act-

Court packing- Roosevelt wanted to add a new Supreme Court member for everyone over 70 who would not retire. Was voted down by a 5-4 vote.

John Maynard Keynes- British economic whom Roosevelt later embraced due to his good economy stimulating policies.

Hatch Act- 1939. barred federal administrative officials from active political campaigning and soliciting as well as forbidding use of government funds for political purposes.

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HR size=1 noshade>Replies:

[> Schenk case: had to do with violation of espionage act; free speech could be restricted if a "clear and present danger" was presented. IWW: labor union that held strikes during World War I, -- marcos, 17:13:54 04/14/02 Sun

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